MAIN APPLICATIONS Bisphenol A Epoxy is widely used in the manufacture of: Epoxy resins; Phenolic resins . Product. Phenol-formaldehyde resin . [4] The studies were evaluated for their relevance for regulatory hazard and/or risk assessment. Per the diagram below, most epoxy resins are made by reacting Bisphenol A (BPA) with an excess of epichlorohydrin so the end groups are glycidyl ethers. [65][24], As a result of the presence of BPA in plastics and other commonplace materials, most people are frequently exposed to trace levels of BPA. [90] This may be the mechanism by which BPA acts as a xenoestrogen. [12] A common criticism is that industry-sponsored trials tend to show BPA as being safer than studies performed by academic or government laboratories,[14][75] although this has also been explained in terms of industry studies being better designed. BPA is used to make polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins that are essential to a wide variety of consumer and industrial products, including many applications important to public health and food safety. NIEHS provides many opportunities for funding to individual researchers, organizations, and businesses. [28][29][30] Subsequent work found that it bound to estrogen receptors tens of thousands of times more weakly than estradiol, the major natural female sex hormone. Bisphenol A was investigated in the 1930's during the search for synthetic estrogens. Although many studies have been performed, these often focus on a limited range of model organisms and can use BPA concentrations well beyond environmental levels. Another reason for concern, especially for parents, may be because some animal studies report effects in fetuses and newborns exposed to BPA. When government scientists review studies to make a safety conclusion, they look at the weight of the evidence, meaning the information available from all sources, and how well each study was conducted. Bisphenol A epoxy resin is the most common type for concrete coatings because of its excellent adhesion, toughness, abrasion resistance, and chemical resistance. [90] Different expression of ERR- in different parts of the body may account for variations in bisphenolA effects. Background. FDAs regulatory Centers and FDAs National Center for Toxicological Research continue to pursue a set of studies on the fate of BPA in the body from various routes of exposure and the safety of low doses of BPA, including assessing novel endpoints where questions have been raised. Bisphenol A was investigated in the 1930s during the search for synthetic estrogens. . In July, 2012, FDA took this action in response to a food additive petition filed by the American Chemistry Council (ACC) [9]. Get info of suppliers, manufacturers, exporters, traders of Bisphenol Resin for buying in India. 2014 May;139(1):4-20. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu021. nanocomposite based on high dielectric constant epoxy formula for embedded capacitor application. [103], BPA is an environmental contaminant of emerging concern. 80-05-7 Bisphenol a with Wholesale Price Min. 2010 Oct 1;248(1):1-11. h) Fisher JW, Twaddle NC, Vanlandingham M, Doerge DR. Pharmacokinetic modeling: prediction and evaluation of route dependent dosimetry of bisphenol A in monkeys with extrapolation to humans. Brand Names: Not applicable . The results of the independent evaluations were released in April 2010, as FDA made the CFSAN report and other relevant information available for public comment. It belongs to the phenol class of aromatic organic compounds. BISPHENOL A DIGLYCIDYL ETHER RESIN,25068-38-6 - Buyers Guide for Chemicals is a directory of chemicals, chemical suppliers and producers. Developmental treatment with bisphenol A or ethinyl estradiol causes few alterations on early preweaning measures. BPA is an important industrial chemical, which is mainly used as a raw material of polycarbonate and epoxy resin. Epub 2014 Feb 4. b) Delclos KB, Camacho L, Lewis SM, Vanlandingham MM, Latendresse JR, Olson GR, Davis KJ, Patton RE, Gamboa da Costa G, Woodling KA, Bryant MS, Chidambaram M, Trbojevich R, Juliar BE, Felton RP, Thorn BT. At 830C). Toxicol Lett. Singapore 069535, 6,6-Dimethyl-2-methylenebicyclo[3.1.1]heptane, BPA. Health concerns have also been raised about these substitutes. Health care providers depend on medical devices and equipment made with BPA for a transparent view within the human body so they can check for the presence of air bubbles or other obstructions during medical procedures. Bisphenol-A Based Epoxy Vinyl Ester Resins Home Bisphenol-A Based Epoxy Vinyl Ester Resins VE resins are a combination of both polyester resin and epoxy resins best properties. How does BPA get into the body? [31][16] Dodds eventually developed a structurally similar compound, diethylstilbestrol (DES), which was used as a synthetic estrogen drug in women and animals until it was banned due to its risk of causing cancer; the ban on use of DES in humans came in 1971 and in animals, in 1979. FDA continues to review the available information and studies on BPA. When the low-molecular-weight bisphenol A epoxy resin is continuously reacted with bisphenol A, the obtained bisphenol A epoxy resin has a high polymerization with a relative molecular mass 1400 or more. FDAs current perspective, based on its most recent safety assessment, is that BPA is safe at the current levels occurring in foods. The 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found detectable levels of BPA in 93% of 2517 urine samples from people six years and older. While air, dust, and water are other possible sources of exposure, BPA in food and beverages accounts for the majority of daily human exposure. Use the browser controls to adjust the font size, or print this page. BPA can both mimic the action of estrogen and antagonise estrogen, indicating that it is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) or partial agonist of the ER. Epoxy resin | C21H25ClO5 | CID 169944 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more. This search feature obtains best-matches with the terms you choose, and shows an overall score based on the scientific rankings. Our line of powerful Liquid Epoxy Resins -including Bisphenol A, Modified Bisphenol A, Bisphenol A/F, Modified Bisphenol A/F, Bisphenol F offers the reliability, protection and performance you need, backed by the local customer support Only Olin can provide, virtually anywhere in the world. Its optical clarity allows direct observation of blood or other fluids to monitor proper flow. EC number: 500-130-2 Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site. [8] Schug et al. Cured epoxy resins are inert materials used as protective liners in metal cans to maintain the quality of canned foods and beverages, and have achieved wide acceptance for use as protective coatings because of their exceptional combination of toughness, adhesion, formability, and chemical resistance. Chemical Identity. After their first commercial production in the late 1940s, epoxy resins comprise a wide family of materials today. Bisphenol A Epoxy Resin (CAS No. The manufacturing of epoxy resins and vinyl ester resins account for 25-30% of BPA use. It belongs to the phenol class of aromatic organic compounds. Alternatively, bisphenol A (BPA) definition is that it is a synthetically obtained colourless crystalline organic compound that occurs in the solid phase belonging to the diphenylmethane group and is soluble in organic solvents but poorly dissolves in water (0.344 % wt. Low oral doses of bisphenol A increase volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area in male, but not female, rats at postnatal day 21. Strong, shatter-resistant polycarbonate is used for helmets and protective sports visors to help protectchildren and athletes from injuries. BPA is fairly cheap to produce, as the synthesis benefits from a high atom economy and large amounts of both starting materials are available from the cumene process. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an organic synthetic compound with the chemical formula (CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2 belonging to the group of diphenylmethane derivatives and bisphenols, with two hydroxyphenyl groups. Free of claims are used to indicate that a product does not contain a certain material, such as BPA, but they can sometimes be misleading. But, lets first start by understanding thermosets. Whether you're producing perfume or PVC plastics, the chances are intermediates will . Distillation and vacuum distillation are used to remove toluene and unreacted epichlorohydrin, respectively. [1] This draft assessment was reviewed by a Subcommittee of FDAs Science Board, which released its report at the end of October 2008. It is alcohol, ketone and ether soluble but presents low solubility in water and carbon tetrachloride. Excessive amounts of bisphenol A generate linear high molecular compounds with hydroxyl-, etherand epoxy-terminated groups. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. Bisphenol F (BPF) based epoxy resins are more flexible than that of BPA-based epoxies. BPA is best known for its use in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, particularly those found in water bottles, baby bottles, and other beverage and food containers. [11]. To improve the compatibility between flame retardant and epoxy resin (EP) matrix, amino phenyl copper phosphate-9, 10-dihydro-9-oxygen-10-phospha-phenanthrene-10-oxide (CuPPA-DOPO) is synthesized through surface grafting, which is blended with EP matrix to prepare EP/CuPPA-DOPO composites. Polym Adv Technol 2009; 20: 194-208. . [74] These interactions are all very weak, but exposure to BPA is effectively lifelong, leading to concern over possible cumulative effects. . The study orally dosed pregnant rodents with 100-1000 times more BPA than people are exposed to through food, and could not detect the active form of BPA in the fetus 8 hours after the mother's exposure. As a result, many exploratory scientific studies have appeared in the public literature. Transfer to a pear-shaped separatory funnel to separate the liquid, continue washing and separating with deionized water until the solution turns to neutral from alkaline. Epoxy resin is based on epichlorhydrin and bisphenol A. BISPHENOL A EPOXY: is solid at room temperature, in the form of prills, white - peal, white to yellow and with a slight phenolic odour. Comparatively minor amounts of BPA are also used as additives or modifiers in some commodity plastics. It is important to note that scientific experts at FDA, and other regulatory bodies, review the full weight of the scientific evidence when making decisions about safety. These studies also addressed questions about how long it takes for the body to dispose of BPA. High-performance epoxy resins are used to make aircraft, cars, bicycles, boats, golf clubs, skis and snowboards durable, flexible and strong. Epoxy resins are typically formed by the reaction of compounds containing at least two active hydrogen atoms (polyphenolic compounds, diamines, amino phenols, heterocyclic imides and amides, aliphatic diols, etc.) As is the case when foods are in direct contact with any packaging material, small, measurable amounts of the packaging materials may migrate into food and can be consumed with it. Properties of copolymer epoxy resins. [90] It can also protect it from deactivation from the SERM 4-hydroxytamoxifen (afimoxifene). Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxy resin (EPOLAM 2017), and 3-minomethyl-3,5,5 trimethylclohexylamine hardener (EPOLAM 2018). 133 Cecil Street, Cool the mixture to room temperature; add extractant toluene/water (volume ratio 2:1) and stir it at room temperature for half an hour. Find out about the exciting discoveries being made by NIEHS and NIEHS-supported researchers that are helping to improve health and save lives. The primary source of exposure to BPA for most people is through the diet. .mw-parser-output .ib-chembox{border-collapse:collapse;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox td,.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox th{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:40%}.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox td+td{width:60%}, Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical compound primarily used in the manufacturing of various plastics. [7], BPA has been found to interact with a diverse range of hormone receptors, in both humans and animals. [22][17][72], The health effects of BPA have been the subject of prolonged public and scientific debate,[12][13][14] with PubMed listing more than 16,000 scientific papers as of 2022. [7] As the only by-product is water, it may be considered an industrial example of green chemistry. Toxicol Sci. As part of its premarket review of food packaging materials, FDAs food contact regulations and food contact notification program assesses the likely migration from the packaging material to assure that any migration to food occurs at safe levels. 2011 Nov;124(1):149-60. k) He Z, Paule MG, Ferguson SA. 12 oz. BPA can also be found in breast milk. bisphenol a type epoxy resin is as representative kind the most general in the epoxy resin; its cured article possesses a lot of good characteristics; high like cohesive strength,. . This early work underpinned the development of epoxy resins, which in turn motivated production of BPA. to be exposed to dangerous levels of bisphenol A epoxy diacrylate. The reaction is catalyzed by a strong acid, such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) or a sulfonated polystyrene resin. The degree to which BPA leaches from polycarbonate bottles into liquid may depend more on the temperature of the liquid or bottle, than the age of the container. BPA is one of the most thoroughly tested chemicals in use today and has a safety track record of more than 50 years. Because of these attributes, polycarbonate is used in a wide variety of common products including digital media (e.g., CDs, DVDs), electrical and electronic equipment, automobiles, sports safety equipment, reusable food and drink containers, and many other products. bisphenol a epoxy resin price are designed to form other substances and play a crucial role in numerous important reactions. For more chemical safety facts, follow us on social media. Toxicol Sci. Phenols can be compounds such as bisphenol A and novolak. [105] As such, the precise effects of BPA on the growth, reproduction, and development of aquatic organism is not fully understood. In addition to receptor binding, the compound has been found to affect Leydig cell steroidogenesis, including affecting 17-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase and aromatase expression and interfering with LH receptor-ligand binding. At that time, another synthetic compound, diethylstilbestrol, was determined to be more powerful than estrogen itself, so bisphenol A was not used as a synthetic estrogen. . [92][101][102] Its half life in water has been estimated at between 4.5 and 15 days, degradation in the air is faster than this, while soil samples degrade more slowly. Liquid Epoxy Resins Show entries It is found in various products including shatterproof windows, eyewear, water bottles, and epoxy resins that coat some metal food cans, bottle tops, and water supply pipes. Comparison of life-stage-dependent internal dosimetry for bisphenol a, ethinyl estradiol, a reference estrogen, and endogenous estradiol to test an estrogenic mode of action in Sprague Dawley rats. The results, released in 2018 by the U.S. National Toxicology Program, were accompanied by a statement from Dr. Stephen Ostroff, Deputy Commissioner for Foods and Veterinary Medicine at the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), saying: our initial review supports our determination that currently authorized uses of BPA continue to be safe for consumers.. Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) can be called a small-molecule adhesive. Heightened interest in the safe use of BPA in food packaging has resulted in increased public awareness as well as scientific interest. These meetings are listed in the NIEHS Events Calendar and are open to the general public. fatty acid dimers, +undefined-86-13650506873 +undefined-86-13650506873. MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET West System Inc. MSDS #105-13a Last Revised: 26APR13 1. #12-03 Keck Seng Tower, Farbenindustrie reported the coupling of BPA and epichlorohydrin. Recently, FDA granted two petitions requesting that FDA amend its food additive regulations to no longer provide for the use of certain BPA-based materials in baby bottles, sippy cups, and infant formula packaging because these uses have been abandoned. Bisphenol A can leach into food from the protective internal epoxy resin coatings of canned foods and from consumer products such as polycarbonate tableware, food storage containers, water bottles, and baby bottles. BPA is a starting material for the synthesis of plastics, primarily certain polycarbonates and epoxy resins, as well as some polysulfones and . The .gov means its official. BISPHENOL A DIGLYCIDYL ETHER RESIN Chemical Properties,Uses,Production Introduction Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) is a pale yellow liquid epoxy compound formed by the polycondensation of epichlorohydrin (ECH) and bisphenol A (BPA). [100], Once in the environment BPA is aerobically biodegraded by a wide a variety of organisms. Sign in to download full-size image [7] Thus, in bisphenol F, the F signifies formaldehyde. Questions & Answers on Bisphenol A Use in Food Contact Applications, Bisphenol A Overview & Response to Petitions, European Food Safety Authority Information on Bisphenol A. Watch Tutorial: How to Select the Best Curing Agent for Epoxy Systems. [73] Concern is mostly related to its estrogen-like activity, although it can interact with other receptor systems as an endocrine-disrupting chemical. Bisphenol A is an organic synthetic compound used in formulating plastics and epoxy resin. In addition, FDA actively supported and participated in the Expert Consultation on BPA convened by World Health Organization and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations on November 2-5, 2010, in Ottawa, Canada. Uses of all substances that migrate from packaging into food, including BPA, are subject to premarket approval by FDA as indirect food additives or food contact substances. Polycarbonate plastic also is used to make housings for electronic products such as cell phones and laptops, as well as optical discs such as CDs and DVDs. Although it is 1000- to 2000-fold less potent than estradiol, the major female sex hormone in humans. Epoxy resin, on the other hand, has been of substantial significance to engineering for many decades. [1]U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Draft Assessment of Bisphenol A for Use in Food Contact Applications, 14 August 2008. [66][67][68] The primary source of human exposure is via food, as epoxy and PVC are used to line the inside of food cans to prevent corrosion of the metal by acidic foodstuffs. The molecular structure of bisphenol A epoxy resin contains aromatic rings and lateral hydroxyl groups, which is beneficial to improve adhesion; in addition, the aromatic ring structure also gives the resin higher rigidity, tensile strength and thermal stability; in general, The main characteristics of bisphenol A epoxy type include: fast light curing reaction rate, high hardness and tensile strength after curing, high gloss of the film layer, and excellent chemical corrosion resistance. 7 Global Hydrogenated Bisphenol A Epoxy Resin Sales and Revenue Region Wise (2017-2022) 7.1 Global Sales and Market Share, Region Wise (2017-2022) 7.2 Global Revenue (Revenue) and Market Share . Among the various polymers available as resins for composites [26][27][28][29][30][31], epoxy resins are chosen because of their excellent adhesion to many substrates and their high thermal and . The performance represented by each part of the Bisphenol A-type epoxy resin is shown here: Araldite? Published September 2022. Learn how outdoors and chemistry work together. BPA is also found in epoxy resins, which act as a protective lining on the inside of some metal-based food and beverage cans. Bisphenol-F can further link generating tri- and tetra-and higher phenol oligomers. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a diphenylmethane derivative, commonly used in the production of polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins, and various other plastic-based consumer products. The amorphous structure of CuPPA-DOPO is characterized by X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform . It may also be used as an ingredient in some resins, which can act as a lining on the inside of some metal food and drink cans. Reports indicate that it is a minor skin irritant as well, although less so than phenol. FDA has amended its regulations to no longer provide for the use of BPA-based polycarbonate resins in baby bottles and sippy cups. Camacho L, Vanlandingham MM, Twaddle NC, Sepehr E, Delclos KB, Fisher JW, Doerge DR. Camacho L, Lewis SM, Vanlandingham MM, Latendresse JR, Olson GR, Davis KJ, Patton RE, Gamboa da Costa G, Woodling KA, Bryant MS, Chidambaram M, Trbojevich R, Juliar BE, Felton RP, Thorn BT. 1). At last,Bisphenol A epoxy resin() safety, risk, hazard and . The FDA review has not found any information in the evaluated studies to prompt a revision of FDAs safety assessment of BPA in food packaging at this time. While they have high mechanical strength values similar to epoxy resins, they are easy to apply similar to unsaturated polyester resins. More than 140,000 products, 270,000 supply sources and 4,400 company addresses. PubChem CID 24754; . Uses of all substances that migrate from packaging into food,. The site is secure. Distribution of bisphenol A into tissues of adult, neonatal, and fetal Sprague-Dawley rats. The CDC NHANES data are considered representative of exposures in the United States. Epoxy is a synthetic resin that uses two chemical components (typically diglycidyl ethers and a combination of bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin) to harden or cure. [106][107] BPA appears able to effect development and reproduction in a wide range of wildlife,[107] with certain species being particularly sensitive, such as invertebrates and amphibians.[106]. Neurotoxicol Teratol. Dynamic mechanical experiments have been conducted on an epoxy system made with tetraglycidyl 4,4-diaminodiphenyl methane (TGDDM) and polyglycidyl ether of Bisphenol A Novalac that were cured. Polycarbonate plastic made with BPA is shatter-resistant, lightweight, and has high optical clarity similar to glass. Bottle producers have largely switched from polycarbonate to polypropylene and there is some evidence that BPA exposure in infants has decreased as a result of this. This petition demonstrated, from publicly available information and information collected from industry sources, that the use of BPA-based epoxy resins as coatings in packaging for infant formula had been abandoned. Chemical compound used in plastics manufacturing, InChI=1S/C15H16O2/c1-15(2,11-3-7-13(16)8-4-11)12-5-9-14(17)10-6-12/h3-10,16-17H,1-2H3, InChI=1/C15H16O2/c1-15(2,11-3-7-13(16)8-4-11)12-5-9-14(17)10-6-12/h3-10,16-17H,1-2H3, Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their, "Chemical Fact Sheet Cas #80057 CASRN 80-05-7", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, "Critical evaluation of key evidence on the human health hazards of exposure to bisphenol A", "Why public health agencies cannot depend on good laboratory practices as a criterion for selecting data: the case of bisphenol A", "The Estrogen Receptor Relative Binding Affinities of 188 Natural and Xenochemicals: Structural Diversity of Ligands", "Bisphenols, Benzophenones, and Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ethers in Textiles and Infant Clothing", "Pit and fissure sealants for preventing dental decay in permanent teeth", "Bisphenol S in Food Causes Hormonal and Obesogenic Effects Comparable to or Worse than Bisphenol A: A Literature Review", " i ", "Condensationsproducte aus Ketonen und Phenolen", "The politics of plastics: the making and unmaking of bisphenol a "safety", "Synthetic strogenic Agents without the Phenanthrene Nucleus", "Molecular Structure in Relation to Oestrogenic Activity. On the regulatory front, FDAs regulations authorize FDA to amend its food additive regulations to reflect when certain uses of an additive have been abandoned. Many of these studies addressed how the body disposes of or metabolizes BPA. The review was documented in four memoranda and their attachments: Strong consumer and scientific interest in the safety of BPA has prompted FDA to support additional studies to provide further information and address apparent inconsistencies in the scientific literature about BPA. Bisphenol A (BPA, 80-05-7) is an organic compound used predominantly in the production of products made of polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins that line food and beverage cans. View our page to search various areas of interest and methodology. Some of this is further reacted with methacrylic acid to form bis-GMA, which is used to make vinyl ester resins. [17] Although BPA exposure is common it does not accumulate within the body, with toxicokinetic studies showing the biological half-life of BPA in adult humans to be around two hours. What Does U.S. Government Research Tell Us About BPA? The CLARITY Study, a 5+ year, multipronged U.S. federal government research program and the largest study ever done on BPA, confirms BPAs safety. Due to its especially thick natural consistency, there will commonly be additives and diluents which are added into the Bisphenol-A epoxy formula to enhance workability and adhesion. Bisphenol A | C15H16O2 | CID 6623 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more. BPA is also found in epoxy resins, which act as a protective lining on the inside of some metal-based food and beverage cans. Due to interest in the exposure to bisphenol A in the community1 and the workplace, OSHA developed a validated method to collect and analyze bisphenol A and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. The method is a modification of NIOSH P&CAM a) Churchwell MI, Camacho L, Vanlandingham MM, Twaddle NC, Sepehr E, Delclos KB, Fisher JW, Doerge DR. The remaining 5% of BPA is used in a wide range of applications, many of which involve plastic. Properties form viscous liquid Quality Level 100 composition Epoxide equivalent weight, 172-176 As a result, FDA amended its food additive regulations to no longer provide for these uses of BPA.